I read an article in wikipedia, which said that history and archaeology were not sciences because they were not experimental but only observational. Now much of cosmology is still observational. So cosmopology is not a science? What is experimentation?Experimentation is based on the belief that what is is not the same as what can be and then trying to design the alternatives. It tries to create models of the past or the future from present conditions and accepted scientific laws. Hence experimentation is a form of observation with the following characteristics-
1- Belief in the probabilistic nature of creation.
2- Belief that laws can approximately describe nature
3- Belief that human interference does not create unforseeable changes
Hence experimentation is a combination of consciousness and experiencism, based as it is on the presumptions of external reality and beliefs coupled with observation.Limiting science to necessarily include experimentation is in my view wrong as many great scientists would become non-scientists.
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_sRIyaNSa said(bro's comment copypasted from old blog)...
if you read Popper's take on science, he basically says that science is something that provides within itself a way to disprove the entire system.
Take for example traditional geometry. It was built on a set of axioms. Now the way to disprove this system to challenge and find a counter-example to one of the axioms. This is exactly what Gauss, Reimann and other pioneers of Sphericla geometries did.
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